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Abstract

Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the leading causes of arthroplasty failure. A high incidence of PJI follows Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. On the other hand, Streptococcus pyogenes PJI is extremely rare with only a very few case reports in the literature. Toxic shock syndrome resulting from Streptococcus pyogenes infection, however, has a reported mortality rate as high as 30-70%, hence early recognition of this potentially fatal infection is crucial to the successful management of patients. In this article, we report a case of an 80 year old male who developed streptococcal toxic shock syndrome in association with a severe group-A streptococcal infection of the knee after a total knee arthroplasty done two years prior.

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